The question (15 marks)
The Constitution of India as enacted said nothing about the environment. Explain the provisions on which environmental protection now rests, and discuss how a duty that no court could enforce became a right that any citizen may enforce. (15 marks)
MU Module I, environment and the Constitution; pack ch. 01 and case brief 01.
Plan your answer on paper before you look at the authorities — issue first, then the rule, then apply it to these facts.
It tests Unit 1 · Foundations of Environmental Law of Environmental Laws.
Authorities you will need
- Subhash Kumar v State of Bihar
- State of M.P. v Kedia Leather and Liquor Ltd.
- Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra v State of U.P.
- Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum v Union of India
How an answer is marked
A full-marks answer names the issue in one line, states the rule with its section, cites the authority, applies it to these facts and concludes — in that order. The app's model answer for this question is written in exactly that shape, with a checklist to mark your own attempt against.