LL.B. subjects, paper by paper

The Bar Council of India prescribes the compulsory papers every recognised LL.B. must teach, so the core subjects are the same wherever you study. Each subject below has its units, its leading cases with full summaries, its exam questions and the statutes it is examined on. One unit in every semester is free — unit one of Law of Contract in Semester I.

Published

• Administrative Law
  Constitution of India · Right to Information Act 2005 · Administrative Tribunals Act 1985 · Commissions of Inquiry Act 1952 · Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act 2013 · Central Vigilance Commission Act 2003 · Prevention of Corruption Act 1988 · Whistle Blowers Protection Act · General Clauses Act 1897
• Alternate Dispute Resolution
  Legal Services Authorities Act 1987 · Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 · Mediation Act 2023 · Contempt of Courts Act 1971; Bar Council of India Rules
• Law of Banking and Negotiable Instruments
  Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 · Banking Regulation Act 1949 · Reserve Bank of India Act 1934 · Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act 2002 · Recovery of Debts and Bankruptcy Act 1993 · Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 · Securities and Exchange Board of India Act 1992 · Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999 · Bankers’ Books Evidence Act 1891
• Bankruptcy Laws
  Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 · Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act 2018 · Presidency Towns Insolvency Act 1909; Provincial Insolvency Act 1920 · Rules and IBBI regulations — not reproduced
• Company Law
  Companies Act 2013 · Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 · Securities and Exchange Board of India Act 1992
• Conflict of Laws
  Private international law — no single governing enactment · Rome Convention 1980 on the law applicable to contractual obligations · Code of Civil Procedure 1908 · Heads the Indian material reaches only in part
• Constitutional Law – I
  Constitution of India · Citizenship Act 1955 · Indian Independence Act 1947
• Constitutional Law – II
  Constitution of India
• Law of Contract and Specific Relief
  Indian Contract Act 1872 · Specific Relief Act 1963 · Information Technology Act 2000
• Contract – II
  Indian Contract Act 1872, ss. 124 to 238 · Sale of Goods Act 1930 · Indian Partnership Act 1932 · Limited Liability Partnership Act 2008
• Civil Procedure Code 1908 and Limitation Act 1963
  Code of Civil Procedure 1908 · Limitation Act 1963
• Law of Crimes (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023)
  Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 · Indian Penal Code 1860 · Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023
• Criminology and Penology
  Criminology and penology — no governing enactment · Police Act 1861 · Prisons Act 1894 · Probation of Offenders Act 1958 · Identification of Prisoners Act 1920 — repealed
• Criminal Procedure (Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023), Juvenile Justice Act 2015, POCSO 2012
  Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 · Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015 · Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act 2012
• Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing – I
  Drafting — no single governing enactment · Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 · Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 · Consumer Protection Act 2019 · Constitution of India, Articles 32, 226 and 227
• Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing – II
  Drafting — no single governing enactment · Transfer of Property Act 1882; Registration Act 1908 · Hindu Marriage Act 1955; Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 · Companies Act 2013; Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 · Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015
• Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing – III
  Drafting — no single governing enactment · Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 · Negotiable Instruments Act 1881 · Code of Civil Procedure 1908
• Economics
  Competition Act 2002 · Reserve Bank of India Act 1934 · Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1951 · National Food Security Act 2013 · Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act 2006 · Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act 1992
• English — Paper I
  Set texts — Shakespeare, Dickens, Eliot, Fielding · Speeches and essays — Bacon, Plato, Ambedkar, Bennett · A Time to Kill
• English – II
  Set texts — law and literature · Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)
• Environmental Laws
  Environment (Protection) Act 1986 · Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974 · Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 · National Green Tribunal Act 2010 · Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 · Indian Forest Act 1927 · Forest (Conservation) Act 1980
• Law of Evidence (Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023)
  Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 · Indian Evidence Act 1872 · Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 · Criminal Procedure (Identification) Act 2022
• Family Law I (Muslim, Parsi and Christian Law; Indian Succession Act)
  Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act 1937 · Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act 1939 · Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act 1986 · Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act 2019 · Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act 1936 · Indian Christian Marriage Act 1872 · Divorce Act 1869 · Indian Succession Act 1925
• Family Law – II
  Hindu Succession Act 1956, as amended in 2005 · Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act 1956; Guardians and Wards Act 1890 · Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015
• History
  Indian Constitutional History · Indian History
• History of Courts, Legislature and Legal Profession
  Constitution of India · Charters and the Regulating and Charter Acts, 1600 to 1858 · Government of India Acts 1919 and 1935; Indian Independence Act 1947 · Advocates Act 1961
• Human Rights Law
  Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 · International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966 · International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1966 · Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 · Constitution of India
• Law of Insurance
  Insurance Act 1938 · Marine Insurance Act 1963 · Motor Vehicles Act 1988 · Employees’ State Insurance Act 1948 · Public Liability Insurance Act 1991 (with the 1992 amendments)
• Interpretation of Statutes
  Interpretation of statutes — rules developed by the courts · General Clauses Act 1897 · Constitution of India, Article 367
• Intellectual Property Laws
  Patents Act 1970 · Trade Marks Act 1999 · Copyright Act 1957
• Jurisprudence / Legal Theory
  Jurisprudence — no governing enactment
• Labour Law and Industrial Relations – I
  Trade Unions Act 1926 · Industrial Disputes Act 1947 · Factories Act 1948 · Industrial Relations Code 2020
• Labour Law and Industrial Relations – II
  Payment of Wages Act 1936; Minimum Wages Act 1948 · Employee's Compensation Act 1923; Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act 1946 · Employees' State Insurance Act 1948; Maternity Benefit Act 1961 · Unorganised Workers' Social Security Act 2008 · Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1986, as amended in 2016
• Law and Medicine
  National Medical Commission Act 2019 · Constitution of India, Article 21 · Consumer Protection Act 2019; Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 · Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act 1994; Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act 1994
• Legal Language including Legal Writing and General English
  Concept paper — maxims, interpretation, legal writing
• Legal Writing and Legal Language
  Constitution of India · Information Technology Act 2000 · Indian Penal Code 1860, ss. 124A and 153A — repealed
• Logic – I
  Logic — no governing enactment
• Logic – II
  Logic — no governing enactment
• Political Science – I
  Constitution of India · Political theory — no governing enactment
• Political Science – II
  Political theory and Indian politics — no governing enactment · Constitution of India
• Political Science – III (International Relations)
  Charter of the United Nations · International organisations and groupings
• Practical Training – I: Professional Ethics and Professional Accounting System
  Advocates Act 1961 · Bar Council of India Rules · Contempt of Courts Act 1971
• Practical Training – II: Alternate Dispute Resolution
  Legal Services Authorities Act 1987 · Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 · Mediation Act 2023 · Contempt of Courts Act 1971; Bar Council of India Rules
• Practical Training – III: Moot Court Exercise and Internship
  Moot court and internship — practical training · Code of Civil Procedure 1908; Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 · Advocates Act 1961; Bar Council of India Rules
• Public International Law
  Charter of the United Nations 1945 · Statute of the International Court of Justice 1945 · Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 · United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 · Constitution of the World Health Organization · International Health Regulations (2005), as amended in 2014, 2022 and 2024
• Sociology
  Sociology — no governing enactment
• Law of Taxation
  Income-tax Act 2025 · Central Goods and Services Tax Act 2017; Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act 2017; Maharashtra Goods and Services Tax Act 2017 · Maharashtra State Tax on Professions, Trades, Callings and Employments Act 1975
• Law of Torts, Motor Accident Claims and Consumer Protection
  Motor Vehicles Act 1988 · Consumer Protection Act 2019
• Transfer of Property
  Transfer of Property Act 1882 · Indian Easements Act 1882 · Registration Act 1908 · Indian Stamp Act 1899
• Law Relating to Women and Children
  Constitution of India · Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 1979 · Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 · Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act 2013 · Dowry Prohibition Act 1961 · Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act 1994 · Prohibition of Child Marriage Act 2006 · Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009 · Commissions for Protection of Child Rights Act 2005
• Cyber Law
  Information Technology Act 2000 (as amended in 2008) · Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 · Electronic evidence

See where each paper sits: three-year LL.B. · five-year B.L.S. / B.A. LL.B.