The question (10 marks)
Compare the Montreal Protocol 1987, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 1992, the Kyoto Protocol 1997 and the Convention on Biological Diversity 1992, and explain how the obligations under such conventions reach Indian law. (10 marks)
MU Module II, the international conventions; pack ch. 14 with ch. 04.
Plan your answer on paper before you look at the authorities — issue first, then the rule, then apply it to these facts.
It tests Unit 2 · International Perspectives and Principles of Environmental Laws.
Authorities you will need
- Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer 1987, Article 2
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 1992, Articles 2, 3 and 4
- Kyoto Protocol 1997, Articles 2, 3 and the clean development mechanism
- Convention on Biological Diversity 1992, Articles 1 and 3
- Biological Diversity Act 2002; Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules 2014 under the Environment (Protection) Act 1986
- Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum v Union of India
How an answer is marked
A full-marks answer names the issue in one line, states the rule with its section, cites the authority, applies it to these facts and concludes — in that order. The app's model answer for this question is written in exactly that shape, with a checklist to mark your own attempt against.