The question (15 marks)
The Environment (Protection) Act 1986 is described as an umbrella legislation. Explain what that means, set out the general power of the Central Government and the prohibitions imposed by the Act, and state how it sits beside the Water Act and the Air Act. (15 marks)
MU Module III, the Environment (Protection) Act 1986; pack ch. 09 with ch. 13, and case brief 14.
Plan your answer on paper before you look at the authorities — issue first, then the rule, then apply it to these facts.
It tests Unit 3 · The Pollution and Forest Statutes of Environmental Laws.
Authorities you will need
- Environment (Protection) Act 1986, ss. 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 to 12, 15 to 17, 19, 20 and 24
- S. Jagannath v Union of India, the shrimp culture case
- Indian Council for Enviro-Legal Action v Union of India, the Bichhri case
- Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum v Union of India
- Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000, and the Bio-Medical Waste and Solid Waste Management Rules 2016, as rules made under the Act
How an answer is marked
A full-marks answer names the issue in one line, states the rule with its section, cites the authority, applies it to these facts and concludes — in that order. The app's model answer for this question is written in exactly that shape, with a checklist to mark your own attempt against.