Unit 9 of Law of Crimes (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023) (syllabus: Module 3.1-3.3 - BNS ss. 189-226). Below: what the unit covers, the provisions it turns on, and the cases an examiner expects you to name.
What this unit covers
- Five men gathered to force a neighbour off his land and one of them killed him. Are the other four guilty of the killing?
- All the co-accused were acquitted. Can the one man left be convicted with the aid of common object or common intention?
Treat that list as a self-test: recite each topic's rule from memory before you open its cases.
Provisions
- Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, s. ss. 189 and 190
- Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, s. s. 190 read with s. 3(5)
Leading cases
- No decision construing ss. 189-190 is registered among this subject's sources; the companion limit on constructive liability is set by Maina Singh v State of Rajasthan
- Maina Singh v State of Rajasthan