Sections 1-75 are the examinable range for this paper. Section 15 still refers on its face to the Indian Penal Code; the IPC was repealed and re-enacted as the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 with effect from 1 July 2024, and the reference is read accordingly (General Clauses Act 1897, s. 8).
The sections below are the ones the LL.B. papers examine on this Act, with the unit that covers each and the cases decided on it. The official text is on India Code ↗.
Sections in the syllabus
s. 1
s. 2
s. 2(1)(d)
s. 2(4)
s. 2(12)
s. 2(a)
Covered in Unit 1 · Formation of contract.
s. 2(b)
s. 2(d)
Covered in Unit 2 · Enforceability and free consent.
s. 2(e)
s. 2(g)
s. 2(h)
s. 3
s. 4
Covered in Unit 1 · Formation of contract.
- Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co (1893)
- Lalman Shukla v Gauri Datt (1913)
- Bhagwandas Goverdhandas Kedia v Girdharilal Parshottamdas & Co (1966)
- Raja Dhruv Dev Chand v Raja Harmohinder Singh (1968)
- Adams and Others v Lindsell and Others (1818)
- Budh Prakash Jai Prakash v Sales Tax Officer (1952)
- Ramdas Vithaldas Durbar v Chhaganlal Pitamber and S. Ameerchand & Co (1916)
- Gherulal Parakh v Mahadeodas Maiya (1959)
s. 5
s. 7
s. 8
s. 9
s. 10
s. 10A
s. 11
Covered in Unit 2 · Enforceability and free consent.
s. 13
s. 14
Covered in Unit 2 · Enforceability and free consent.
s. 14(1)(e)
s. 14A
s. 16
s. 16(3)
s. 16(c)
s. 17
Covered in Unit 11 · Other Specific Torts.
s. 18
s. 20
s. 20A
s. 20B
s. 20C
s. 21
s. 22
s. 23
Covered in Unit 1 · Formation of contract.
s. 25
s. 25(1)
s. 25(2)
s. 27
Covered in Unit 2 · Enforceability and free consent.
s. 27(1)
s. 29
s. 30
s. 32
s. 33
s. 33(1)
s. 33(2)(b)
s. 34
s. 39
Covered in Unit 3 · Performance, breach and remedies.
s. 41
s. 41(e)
s. 42
s. 43
s. 54
s. 55
s. 56
Covered in Unit 3 · Performance, breach and remedies.
- Satyabrata Ghose v Mugneeram Bangur & Co (1954)
- Taylor v Caldwell (1863) and Krell v Henry (1903)
- Standard Retail Pvt. Ltd. v G. S. Global Corp (2020)
- Ramanand v Dr Girish Soni (2020)
- Energy Watchdog v Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (2017)
- Naihati Jute Mills Ltd v Khyaliram Jagannath (1967)
- Raja Dhruv Dev Chand v Raja Harmohinder Singh (1968)
- Davis Contractors Ltd v Fareham Urban District Council (1956)
- Maritime National Fish Ltd v Ocean Trawlers Ltd (1935)
- Tarapore & Company v Cochin Shipyard Ltd (1984)
- Halliburton Offshore Services Inc v Vedanta Ltd (2020)
s. 63
s. 64
s. 65
s. 68
s. 69
s. 69(1)
s. 69A
s. 70
s. 71
s. 72
s. 73
Covered in Unit 3 · Performance, breach and remedies.
s. 74
Covered in Unit 3 · Performance, breach and remedies.
s. 77
s. 79
s. 80
s. 88
s. 90
s. 102
s. 103
s. 108
s. 108(e)
s. 115
s. 124 and 125
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 126, 127 and 128
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 128
s. 133 to 141
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 137
s. 140
s. 140, 141 and 145
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 145
s. 146
s. 148
s. 148 and 149
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 151
s. 151, 152, 160 and 161
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 152
s. 161
s. 170, 171, 172 and 176
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 171
Covered in Unit 1 · Banking Structure and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code.
s. 172
s. 173
s. 175(3)
s. 178
s. 180
s. 181
s. 186 to 189, 227, 228 and 237
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 194
s. 196 to 200
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 201, 202, 204 and 208
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 230 to 236
Covered in Unit 4 · Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment and Agency.
s. 294A
s. s. 23
Covered in Unit 2 · The Regulatory Framework, Life Insurance and Motor Third-Party.
s. ss. 23, 27, 29 and 73
Covered in Unit 3 · Consumer Complaints, Powers of Attorney and Commercial Agreements.
s. ss. 213 and 218, with Indian Stamp Act 1899 ss. 2(23) and 30
Covered in Unit 1 · Letters, Receipts, Notes, Affidavits and Schedules.
Cases on this Act
- Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co (1893)
- Lalman Shukla v Gauri Datt (1913)
- Balfour v Balfour (1919)
- Bhagwandas Goverdhandas Kedia v Girdharilal Parshottamdas & Co (1966)
- Mohori Bibee v Dharmodas Ghose (1903)
- Chinnaya v Ramayya (1882)
- Central Inland Water Transport Corporation Ltd v Brojo Nath Ganguly (1986)
- Gherulal Parakh v Mahadeodas Maiya (1959)
- Niranjan Shankar Golikari v Century Spinning and Manufacturing Co Ltd (1967)
- Satyabrata Ghose v Mugneeram Bangur & Co (1954)
- Taylor v Caldwell (1863) and Krell v Henry (1903)
- Hadley v Baxendale (1854)
- Fateh Chand v Balkishan Das (1963) to Kailash Nath Associates v DDA (2015)
- Sales Tax Officer, Banaras v Kanhaiya Lal Mukund Lal Saraf (1958)
- Bank of Bihar Ltd v Damodar Prasad (1969)
- State of West Bengal v B.K. Mondal & Sons (1962)
- Morvi Mercantile Bank Ltd v Union of India (1965)
- Chand Rani v Kamal Rani (1993)
- Ajudhia Prasad v Chandan Lal (1937)
- Nawab Khwaja Muhammad Khan v Nawab Husaini Begam (1910)
- Standard Retail Pvt. Ltd. v G. S. Global Corp (2020)
- Ramanand v Dr Girish Soni (2020)
- Paradine v Jane (1647)
- Jamna Das v Ram Autar Pande (1911)
- Energy Watchdog v Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (2017)
- Naihati Jute Mills Ltd v Khyaliram Jagannath (1967)
- Raja Dhruv Dev Chand v Raja Harmohinder Singh (1968)
- Davis Contractors Ltd v Fareham Urban District Council (1956)
- Maritime National Fish Ltd v Ocean Trawlers Ltd (1935)
- Tarapore & Company v Cochin Shipyard Ltd (1984)
- Halliburton Offshore Services Inc v Vedanta Ltd (2020)
- Adams and Others v Lindsell and Others (1818)
- Budh Prakash Jai Prakash v Sales Tax Officer (1952)
- Commissioner of Wealth-Tax, Bhopal v Abdul Hussain Mulla Muhammad Ali (1988)
- Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company, Limited v New Garage and Motor Company, Limited (1914)
- Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company, Limited v Selfridge and Company, Limited (1915)
- Gadigeppa Bhimappa Meti v Balangowda Bhimangowda (1931)
- Har Bhajan Lal v Har Charan Lal (1925)
- Jones v Padavatton (1969)
- Koufos v C. Czarnikow Ltd (The Heron II) (1969)
- L.I.C. of India v Consumer Education & Research Centre (1995)
- Lloyds Bank Ltd v Bundy (1974)
- M.C. Chacko v State Bank of Travancore, Trivandrum (1969)
- Ramdas Vithaldas Durbar v Chhaganlal Pitamber and S. Ameerchand & Co (1916)
- Transfield Shipping Inc v Mercator Shipping Inc (The Achilleas) (2008)
- Tweddle v Atkinson (1861)
- Union of India v Amar Singh (1959)
- Union Bank of India v Manku Narayana (1987)