Unit 4 of Political Science – I (syllabus: Module IV — the concept of representation and the role of the representative; universal adult suffrage under Art. 326 and the equality of the roll under Art. 325; women’s enfranchisement and the reservation of seats under Arts. 330A, 332A and 334A compared with Arts. 243D and 243T; the four possible bases of representation — territorial, functional, minority and proportional — and India’s rejection of separate electorates in favour of reserved seats under Arts. 330 to 334; and the electoral system — the Election Commission under Art. 324, its composition and autonomy, Parliament’s power under Art. 327 and the bar on judicial interference under Art. 329). Below: what the unit covers, the provisions it turns on, and the cases an examiner expects you to name.